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出血性转化(hemorrhagic transformation,HT)是急性缺血性卒中的重要并发症之一.有关HT的定义、发生率、机制、危险因素及其对急性缺血性卒中预后的影响,目前尚无定论.多数研究显示,少量出血对远期预后无不良影响,但伴有占位效应的脑实质血肿会严重影响近期和远期预后.文章对HT的发生率、发生机制、危险因素和分型以及不同HT亚型对预后的影响进行了综述.

The frequency and influence on prognosis of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after acute ischemic stroke are still uncertain with mixed results in previous studies.Slight hemorrhage transformation may will not worsen stroke patients' short-and long-term prognosis,but some MRI studies suggest that HT may impede patients to get a dramatical improvement of neurological function.We aimed to determine the overall frequency of and risk factors for HT.More importantly,we discussed the mechanism,subtypes of HT and the influence of HT subtypes on prognosis.